Histological dermal changes caused by preparation and application procedures in percutaneous dose toxicity studies in dogs, rabbits and rats

Abstract

This paper is to compare the performance of machining characteristic of two types of composite blends: Palm Oil-based wax/ LLDPE/ Palm oil fiber and Palm Oil-based wax/ HDPE/ Palm oil fiber to industrial blue wax. Palm oil-based wax is a waste material produced from palm oil refining process. Current prototyping activities use industrial blue wax to produce part prototypes for machining processes. The results show that palm oil-based wax blends produced better machining characteristics than the existing industrial blue wax. The machinability study covered surface roughness, chip formation characteristic, dimensional consistency and cutting tool wear. The new palm oil-based wax will be an attractive alternative to the existing industrial blue wax for prototyping application due to lower cost of production.