Facile fabrication of metal oxide based catalytic electrodes by AC plasma deposition and electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide

Abstract

In this study, the fabrication of a metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) dispersed catalytic electrode is described based on a new alternating current (AC) plasma deposition approach. The fabrication involves the treatment of AC plasma on a precursor solution comprised of metal salts such as CuCl2, FeCl2, and ZnCl2, and a monomer (acrylic acid) in the presence/absence of a cross-linker. Furthermore, the utility of such developed electrodes has been demonstrated for the electrochemical determination of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The electrode materials obtained through plasma treatment was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), contact angle measurements, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and cyclic voltammetry. Among the metal oxide modified electrodes prepared by the AC plasma deposition method, the copper oxide (CuO) NPs catalytic electrode exhibited significant oxidation and reduction peaks for H2O2 in phosphate-buffered saline solution. The catalytic electrode with CuO NPs exhibited a combination of good H2O2 sensing characteristics such as good sensitivity (63.52 mA M−1 cm−2), good selectivity, low detection limits (0.6 µM), fast sensing response (5 s), a wide linear range (0.5–8.5 mM), and good stability over 120 cycles. Based on our results, it is well demonstrated that plasma deposition could be effectively utilized for the fabrication of the catalytic electrode for detection of H2O2 concentrations. Further, the strategy of using AC plasma for fabrication of metal oxide-based modified electrodes could also be extended for the fabrication of other kinds of nanomaterials-based sensors.