Pengembangan Instrumen Kognitif Untuk Mengukur Penalaran Siswa SMP Di Kota Banjarmasin Pada Materi Cahaya

  • Amelia H
  • Wati M
  • Hartini S
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Abstract

Instrumen kognitif yang dibuat oleh guru untuk mengukur kemampuan siswanya selama ini belum melalui proses validasi. Berdasarkan hal tersebut perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan kualitas instrumen kognitif pada materi cahaya yang dapat mengukur kemampuan penalaran siswa. Tujuan khusus penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan: (1) validitas instrumen kognitif dilihat dari Outfit MNSQ, ZSTD, dan Pt Measure Corr ; (2) reliabilitas instrumen kognitif yang dilihat dari nilai separasi individu, separasi butir, dan Alpha Cronbach ; (3) tingkat kesukaran yang dilihat dari nilai logit pada kolom pengukuran; (4) daya beda soal dilihat dari nilai logit butir yang dibandingkan dengan nilai logit individu; (5) kemampuan penalaran siswa yang dilihat dari jumlah nilai yang diperoleh dari setiap butir soal. Penelitian pengembangan ini mengacu pada model pengembangan Borg and Gall dengan subjek penelitian 201 siswa kelas VIII yang berasal dari SMPN 22, 23, dan 28 Banjarmasin. Instrumen pengumpul data berupa instrumen validasi dan kognitif. Teknik analisis data berupa deskriptif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) lima butir soal tergolong valid dari delapan soal yang diujicobakan; (2) reliabilitas instrumen kognitif dilihat dari nilai separasi individu tergolong cukup, nilai separasi butir tergolong istimewa, serta nilai Alpha Cronbach yang masuk kategori bagus sekali; (3) tingkat kesukaran soal yang dilihat dari nilai logit terkategori sangat sulit (25%), sulit (25%), mudah (37,5%), dan sangat mudah (12,5%); (4) daya beda soal menunjukkan lima butir soal masuk kategori bagus dan tiga soal terkategori jelek; (5) kemampuan penalaran siswa yang diperoleh untuk SMPN 23 terkategori kurang, SMPN 22 dan 28 terkategori sangat kurang. The cognitive instruments made by teachers to measure students abilities have not been through the validation process. Based on this, a reseach need to do with aim to describe the quality of cognitive instruments in light material that can measure students reasoning abilities. The specific purpose of this reseach is to describe: (1) the validity of cognitive instruments is seen from the Outfit MNSQ, ZSTD, and PtMeasure Corr scores; (2) the reliability of cognitive instruments is seen fromPerson reliability, Item Reliability, and Alpha Cronbach scores; (3) the level of difficulty of items seen from logit value in the measurement column; (4) the index of discrimination can view from the logit value of the item compared with the logit value of person; (5) the student reasoning abilities seen from scores in eachquestion. This development reseach refers to the development model of Bord and Gall with the subjects of study are 201 students of class VIII from SMPN 22, 23,and 28 Banjarmasin. Data collection instruments are the validation instruments and the developed cognitive instruments. Data analysis techniques are descriptive and quantitative. The result showed: (1) the five items are classified as valid of the eight items tested; (2) reliability of cognitive instruments for the person reliability is quite, the item reliability is excellent, and the Alpha Cronbach is very good; (3) the difficulty of items in category very difficult is 25%, difficult is 25%, easy is 37,5%, and very easy is 12,5%; (4) the index of discrimination view from the item and person logit value show five items have good category and three items have bad category; (5) Students reasoning abilities gained for SMPN 23 Banjarmasin were categorized as less, SMPN 22 and 28 Banjarmasin were categorized very less.

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APA

Amelia, H., Wati, M., & Hartini, S. (2018). Pengembangan Instrumen Kognitif Untuk Mengukur Penalaran Siswa SMP Di Kota Banjarmasin Pada Materi Cahaya. Berkala Ilmiah Pendidikan Fisika, 6(1), 83. https://doi.org/10.20527/bipf.v6i1.4450

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