Biotechnological Improvement of Construction Ground and Construction Materials

Abstract

The biotechnological production of construction biomaterials is a sustainable process because renewable agricultural and biotechnological biomass residues are used as organic raw materials and as the components of composite biocement. In some geotechnical processes, microorganisms themselves are performing useful function. There are at least eight types of construction-related biotechnological processes classified by the results of the microbial treatment of soil: bioaggregation of soil particles, biocrusting of soil surface, biocoating of solid surface, bioclogging of soil, porous material or fractured rocks, biocementation of soil or porous material, biodesaturation of soil, bioencapsulation of clay/soft soil/particles, and bioremediation of polluted ground.