Bioequivalence and pharmacokinetic profiles of agomelatine 25-mg tablets in healthy Chinese subjects: A four-way replicate crossover study demonstrating high intra-and inter-individual variations

Abstract

The present study was designed to assess the bioequivalence of two agomelatine formulations (25-mg tablets) in healthy Chinese male subjects. This single-dose, open-label, randomized, four-way replicate study with a 1-week washout period was conducted in 60 healthy Chinese male volunteers under fasting conditions. Blood samples were collected over a 12-h period after a single dose of the 25-mg agomelatine test (T) formulation or a reference (R) formulation, and the drug concentrations were assayed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a noncompartmental model. Bioequivalence between the formulations was assessed. Tolerability and safety were monitored by physical examination, electrocardiogram (12-lead ECG), clinical laboratory tests, and adverse events (AEs). A total of 56 out of 60 subjects completed the study. No AEs were observed. The values of maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), maximum concentration (Tmax), area under curve (AUC)0't and t1/2 were 12.032 ng/mL, 0.658 h, 12.637 ngh/mL, and 0.813 h, respectively, for the test formulation, and 10.891 ng/mL, 0.709 h, 11.572 ngh/mL, and 0.96 h, respectively, for the reference formulation. The intra-individual variability of Cmax and AUC0-t were 78.3 and 61.8%, respectively. The inter-individual coefficients of variance (CVs) of Cmax and AUC0-t were approximately 100%. The 90% confidence intervals for the ratio of means for the log-Transformed Cmax (97.7-124.9%), AUC0-t (98.2-118%), and AUC0-(97.8-117.2%) were within the guideline range of bioequivalence (80-125%). The test and reference formulations of agomelatine met the regulatory criteria for bioequivalence of the Chinese Food and Drug Administration. Significant intra-individual and inter-individual variations were found.