Presents the technology, protocols, and new innovations in industrial internet of things (IIoT)

Abstract

Smart devices are changing people’s daily life in the world, in which significant trend has already been extended to the industry sector. In the upcoming Industry 4.0, the connected smart devices all around the world via the Internet provide secure, real-time, and reliable services of sensing, communicating, and computing, making smart factories into realization. In Industry 4.0, there are some primary research issues including technology, protocol, innovation and application, and standards, making effects on the following aspects, such as chips, terminals, base stations, networks, software tools, testing devices, operating systems, and APPs. For the IIoT, there exist few works which combine above research issues to give the reader a systematical view of IIoT, which is the target of this chapter. The relation of above issues lies in the following: First, the innovation and application drive the development of industry. Second, the technology is the basis of an industry device. Third, the protocol is the link between industry devices. Fourth, standards drive multiple companies with diverse produced devices competing in the industry. The research issues are illustrated below. Reference architecture is the guidance for designing and producing industrial products. RAMI 4.0, the reference architecture model for Industry 4.0, can be analyzed from the aspects of layers and hierarchy levels. On the one hand, the layers include business, function, information, communication, integration, and asset. On the other hand, the hierarchy levels include connected world, enterprise, work center, station, control device, field device, and product. The protocol is important for connecting the products. The IIoT communication protocols can be classified into some kinds, which are as follows: First, the wireless sensor network includes WirelessHART, IEC 62591, ISA 100.11a, and Zigbee. Second, the M2M communication includes CoAP, OPC-UA, DDS, and Modbus. Third, the messaging includes MQTT, AMQP, and XMPP. Fourth, the low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) includes NB-IoT, Sigfox, LoRa, and LoRaWAN. Fifth, the cellular network includes 5G, 4G, 3G, LTE, WiMax, GPRS, and GMS. Sixth, the wireless local area network (WLAN) includes IEEE 802.11. Seventh, the wireless personal area network (WPAN) includes IEEE 802.15.4. Application field and industrial product are fundamental for IIoT. The primary IIoT application fields include cyber-physical systems, Industry 4.0, machine-to-machine communications, multi-agent systems, and wireless sensor networks. Moreover, the primary industrial products in the applications of IIoT include car and truck, car parts, electronic power, electronics, foodstuff, heating, and oil and gas. Standard and stack can guide the company for developing products. The IIoT communication standard and technology stack can be classified into layers and groups. On the one hand, layers are consisting of a framework layer, a transport layer, a network layer, a link layer, and a physical layer. On the other hand, main groups include WPAN, WLAN, cellular network, LPWAN, satellite network, and traditional industrial computer network (fieldbus).