Accumulation and apparent oxidation of cis , trans -18 : 2 isomers relative to linoleic acid in rats

Abstract

Dietary cis , trans -18 : 2 isomers impair desaturation and elongation of linoleic acid (Δ9 cis ,12 cis -18 : 2), but little is known of their proportional partitioning between accumulation and oxidation. The present study was therefore designed to assess the accumulation and apparent oxidation of cis , trans -18 : 2 isomers compared with that of trans -18 : 1 isomers and Δ9 cis ,12 cis -18 : 2 in rats. Accumulation is defined as whole-body increase in a fatty acid during a given period (i.e. final body content-initial body content). The apparent oxidation (disappearance) is defined as whole-body utilization of a fatty acid relative to its intake for a given period (intake-excretion-accumulation-longer-chain products)/intake×100). The animals were fed on a diet containing 15 % (w/w) partially hydrogenated rapeseed oil with 1·72 % energy as cis , trans -18 : 2 isomers and varying amounts of Δ9 cis ,12 cis -18 : 2. The apparent oxidation of total cis , trans -18 : 2 isomers (72–76 % dietary intake) was greater than that of Δ9 cis ,12 cis -18 : 2 (38–51 % dietary intake) but it was similar to that of total trans -18 : 1 isomers (78–82 % dietary intake). Among the four isomers, the apparent oxidation of Δ9 trans ,12 trans -18 : 2 was greater than that of the other isomers including Δ9 trans ,12 cis -18 : 2, Δ9 cis ,12 trans -18 : 2 and Δ9 cis ,13 trans -18 : 2. Accumulation of Δ5 cis ,8 cis ,11 cis ,15 trans -20 : 4 and Δ5 cis ,8 cis ,11 cis ,14 trans -20 : 4 derived from chain-elongation and desaturation of Δ9 cis ,13 trans -18 : 2 and Δ9 cis ,12 trans -18 : 2 was decreased when the dietary Δ9 cis ,12 cis -18 : 2 supply was increased.