Risk Analysis in Strategic Planning: Fire and Climate Change in the Boreal Forest

Abstract

Boreal ecosystems contain approximately one fourth of the world’s forests. These forests are in Russia, Canada, the United States, China, Norway, Sweden, and Finland (Fig.l). Main tree species of boreal ecosystems are pine (Pinus spp.), larch (Larix spp.), spruce (Picea spp.), fir (Abies spp.) for conifers and birch (Betula spp.), poplar (Populus spp.), alder (Alnus spp.) for broadleaf trees. While there are distinct differences in varieties of these species between North American and Northern Eurasian forests, form and function are remarkably similar.