Analysis on two postmenopausal women with clinical symptoms resulting from completely encapsulated intrauterine device by fibrous tissue

Abstract

Objectives: To report two cases of retained intrauterine device (IUD) encapusulated by fibrous tissues. Cases: Two cases of postmenopausal women had a history of using IUD for over 30 years with clinical symptoms resulting from completely encapsulated intrauterine device by fibrous tissue and the IUDs were successfully removed through hysteroscopic and open surgery. Conclusions: IUD could be severely encapsulated by fibrous tissue. The removal is possible with a good understanding of the pathogenetic condition and a skilled operation under hysteroscopy.