Genistein and vitamin D synergistically inhibit human prostatic epithelial cell growth

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Abstract

We performed studies to test synergism between the growth inhibitory effects of genistein and vitamin D compounds on prostatic epithelial cells. Isobolographic analysis demonstrated that genistein, in combination with the hormonally active form of cholecalciferol, 1α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, synergistically inhibited the growth of primary human prostatic epithelial cells (HPEC) and prostate cancer cells. Synergistic growth inhibition of HPEC was also observed between genistein and the low-calcemic vitamin D compound 25-hydroxycholecalciferol. Flow cytometry with HPEC indicated that genistein induced arrest in the G2M phase, whereas 1α,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol or 25-hydroxycholecalciferol induced arrest in the G1/0 phase of the cell cycle. Combining genistein with either vitamin D compound resulted in both G2M and G1/0 arrest in HPEC. In contrast, flow cytometry of prostate cancer cells indicated that both genistein and 1α,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol induced a G1/0 arrest either alone or in combination. These are the first studies that demonstrate synergism between the prostatic cell growth inhibition elicited by genistein and that elicited by vitamin D compounds.

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Rao, A., Woodruff, R. D., Wade, W. N., Kute, T. E., & Cramer, S. D. (2002). Genistein and vitamin D synergistically inhibit human prostatic epithelial cell growth. Journal of Nutrition, 132(10), 3191–3194. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/131.10.3191

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