The role of information and communication technology (ICT) in the governance of energy access: Exploring application of quadruple and quintuple helix innovation theory in technology transfer

Abstract

Access to environment-friendly technologies is the key to enable the implementation of the newly adopted Sustainable Development Goals and especially goal number seven to "ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all. " It remains an issue that the transfer of such technologies is highly politicized. This analysis wants to explore the applicability of Quadruple and Quintuple Helix Theory to the global concern of sustainable development and especially to the quest for energy access. We would like to look for potential avenues to better understand the innovative momentum of ongoing global change and implications for quality of democracy by looking at the potential of information and communication technology (ICT) in making environmentally sound technologies even more viable solutions for energy transition.