Development of arthrometry

Abstract

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction has evolved significantly over the past 40 years. Early research performed at Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) provided improved knowledge in terms of the anatomical structure and function of the ligament. Consequent studies noted poor functional outcomes with nonoperative management, leading to early attempts to repair the injured ligament. Failures of this technique led to augmented repairs and subsequently reconstructions, with improving functional outcomes with each transition. Further understanding of the isometry of the reconstruction, and its ability to resist both translational and rotational forces, has led to the development of modern-day reconstructive techniques. Additionally, simultaneous study on the role of secondary stabilizers and the impact of an ACL tear on those structures has resulted in more complete care with meniscal preservation and concomitant cruciate or collateral repair or reconstruction. The goal of this chapter is to provide a historical perspective on the relevant literature and subsequent progression of treatment for ACL tears at HSS.