Management of necrotizing myositis in a field hospital: A case report

Abstract

Necrotizing myositis is a rare and fatal disease of skeletal muscles caused by group A beta hemolytic streptococci (GABHS). Its early detection by advanced imaging forms the basis of current management strategy. Paucity of advanced imaging in field/rural hospitals necessitates adoption of management strategy excluding imaging as its basis. Such a protocol, based on our experience and literature, constitutes:. i. Prompt recognition of the clinical triad: disproportionate pain; precipitous course; and early loss of power- in a swollen limb with/without preceding trauma.ii. Support of clinical suspicion by 2 ubiquitous laboratory tests: gram staining- of exudates from bullae/muscles to indicate GABHS infection; and CPK estimation- to indicate myonecrosis.iii. Replacement of empirical antibiotics with high intravenous doses of sodium penicillin and clindamycin. iv. Exploratory fasciotomy: to confirm myonecrosis without suppuration- its hallmark. v. Emergent radical debridement. vi. Primary closure with viable flaps - unconventional, if need be. © 2009 Bharathi et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.