TINDAK TUTUR TOKOH DALAM KABA: PENCERMINAN KEARIFAN DAN KESANTUNAN BERBAHASA ETNIS MINANGKABAU

Abstract

The paper is written based on the results of research on a number of kaba Minangkabau selected as sources of data. Kaba is chosen as the source of data since there is assumptions that the characters in the tale is polite in speaking, attitude (knows the tendency) 'wise'. They are guided by the language norms that produce selected language. Their speech is framed by kato nan ampek, 'four language varieties', used in different contexts. Minangkabaunese people is deemed uncivilized if not proficient in speaking to those who are older (people who are older and venerated), to a younger person, the same age, and to people who has kinship. Therefore, the problems discussed in this paper are regarded to the characters' speech acts in the tale (kaba) as reflection of wise and politeness. The data are the speech acts produced by characters, especially the younger generation within the tale. The method used in data collection is by reading the kaba selected as source of data, and then mark the speech estimated as data. Furthermore, those speech acts are noted, grouped for analysis and interpreted in accordance with the objectives. The results show that the form of speech acts have certain characteristics that are spoken by using a certain strategy, and interpreted as a wise and polite speech act. The results of this study can be utilized to encrich the lecture material, such as, in the course Philosophy of Minangkabau culture, Folklore, Introduction to Social and Culture Sciences. Abstrak Makalah ini ditulis berdasarkan hasil penelitian terhadap sejumlah kaba Minangkabau yang sudah dipilih sebagai sumber data. Dipilihnya kaba sebagai sumber data dilatarbelakangi oleh anggapan/ asumsi bahwa tokoh cerita dalam kaba adalah sosok yang santun dalam bertutur, beretika (tahu ereang jo gendeang) 'arif'. Keseharian mereka dipandu oleh norma berbahasa