A Comprehensive Study on Provesicular Drug Delivery System: Proniosomal Gel

Abstract

Vesicular approaches are novel techniques for transporting the drug that reinforces the availability of drugs and gives an action for a prolonged time. Besides, it has definite advantages over traditional drug delivery systems. Liposomes and niosomes comprising vesicles demonstrate the stability issues such as aggregation, leakage, fusion and sedimentation of vesicles due to the aqueous nature of the system. The provesicular system developed to overcome these problems for a unique novel approach includes proliposomes and proniosomes. Provesicles are dry, anhydrous formulations, coated with a non-ionic surfactant, acts as a carrier mixed with water when needed. This article reviews provesicular drug delivery systems with a focus on composition, preparation, the mechanism of drug delivery, encapsulation of the drug into provesicles and characterization techniques. Likewise, this review details the summary of research findings and patent reports on proniosomal investigations. As supported by the literature study, the proniosomes are a leading carrier for the delivery of various drugs over different routes of administration.