Octagon and decagon shaped fractal patch antennas for S, C and X band applications

Abstract

This paper explores design of fractal micro strip patch antennas. Fractals are not restricted to geometric shapes and designs, but can depict processes in time involving bio and nature-inspired problems. Self-similarity property of fractal is used for multiband and miniaturization. CST microwave studio software is used for simulation of reflection coefficient, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), gain and surface current. The simulation output results where the reflection coefficient is less than -10 dB, VSWR is less than 2, gain is positive and surface current is symmetrically distributed determine the resonating frequencies for these particular antenna designs. These antennas are designed to have applications in S band, C band and as well as X band with good bandwidth and gain. These frequencies in S band (2-4 GHz) are useful in applications such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, IEEE 802.15 etc. C band (4-6 GHz) frequencies are used in downlink of communication satellite, weather radar system. The frequencies in X band (8-12 GHz) have applications in radar, space communication, fixed satellite, mobile satellite and radio location services.