Land use changes and relation to urban heat island (case study Semarang City, Central Java)

Abstract

The population in Semarang City has been more and more increased while the demand for land for built-up area has also steadily increased. These conditions have increased the surface temperature which triggered the phenomenon of Urban Heat Island (UHI). This study aims to determine the impact of land use changes to the UHI phenomenon in the Semarang City. The data used in this study included remote-sensing satellite images of Landsat TM5 in 2008 and Landsat8 OLI in 2018. The methods used were Top of Atmosphere (ToA) correction, spatial analysis, and Land Surface Temperature (LST). The results showed that in the period of 2008-2018, there was an increased built-up area by 13% while the use of forest and plantations area was decreased by 7%. In the period of 2008-2018, the surface temperature rised from 18-33C to 22-40C. The land use that has a highest surface temperature was on built-up area, reaching as much as 26-30C in 2008 and 30-34C in 2018 while the lowest was on water bodies as much as 22-26C in 2008 and 24-26C in 2018. The changes of land use into built-up area have led to increase surface temperatures which have caused the UHI phenomenon in Semarang City.