The risk of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus infection in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Introduction: Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a predominant route of infection for children in Ethiopia. No study has so far reported a nationwide estimate of the risk of MTCT of HBV. We conducted a meta-analysis of surveys and estimated the pooled risk of MTCT of HBV in the context of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Methodology: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Africa Index Medicus, and Google Scholar databases for peer-reviewed articles. The pooled risk of MTCT of HBV was estimated using the DerSimonian-Laird technique with logit transformed proportions and statistical heterogeneity was estimated using I2 statistic, which was explored by subgroup and meta-regression analyses. Results: The overall pooled risk of MTCT of HBV in Ethiopia was 25.5% (95% CI, 13.4%–42.9%). In women without HIV infection, the risk of MTCT of HBV was 20.7% (95% CI 2.8%–70.4%), and 32.2% (95% CI 28.1%–36.7%) in women with HIV infection. After excluding the outlier study, the risk of MTCT of HBV in studies that included only HIV negative women was 9.4% (95% CI, 5.1%–16.6%). Conclusions: The risk of MTCT of HBV in Ethiopia widely varied by HBV/HIV coinfection. A sustainable control and elimination of HBV in Ethiopia requires improved access to birth-dose HBV vaccine and implement immunoglobulin prophylaxis for exposed infants. Given the limited health resources in Ethiopia, prenatal antiviral prophylaxis integrated with antenatal care may be a cost-effective approach to significantly reduce the risk of MTCT of HBV.

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APA

Taye, B. W., Ayenew, G. M., Taye, Z. W., Balew, M., & Taye, E. B. (2023, June 1). The risk of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus infection in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Infection in Developing Countries. Journal of Infection in Developing Countries. https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.17931

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