Effect of 650 nm low-power laser on bone morphogenetic protein in bone defects induced in rat femors

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the influence of 650 nm GaAlAs laser on the action of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) in bone defects produced in rat femurs. Methods: The sample consisted of 12 male albino Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). The animals were randomly divided into four experimental groups. After undergoing anesthesia, the fur was removed from the lateral face of the right thigh and surgical dissection was performed to view the femur region. A bone defect was created using a spherical diamond-tipped drill bit. In groups 1 and 2, the defect was filled with a paste of Gen-Tech bone-inducing substance. The animals were treated with GaAlAs laser, at a predetermined dose of joules/cm2 for 80 seconds, over an area of 1 cm2. Groups 2 and 4 were used as controls. Bone samples were removed to perform histological procedures and morphometric analyses on the 7th, 14th and 21st days after the operation. The results obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using ANOVA variance according to two criteria, with four repetitions, followed by the post hoc t test. The rejection level for the nullity hypothesis was 0.05 or 5% (α ≤ 0.05). Results: In comparisons between G1, G2, G3 and G4, p = 0.024 was observed. In statistical comparisons using the t test for paired samples, only G1 vs. G4 presented a statistically significant result (p = 0.021). Conclusion: The association of low-power laser application and Gen-Tech bone-inducing substance achieved a better result than laser application alone or BMP use alone.