Volcanic hazards in Indonesia: the 1982-83 eruption of Galunggung.

Abstract

Indonesia contains more active and potentially active volcanoes than any other region on Earth - 135 have been active since the Holocene. Galunggung is a basaltic-andesitic stratovolcano in West Java; the 1982-83 eruption produced ash- and gas plumes up to 12 km high, nuees ardentes and later strombolian-type activity. Some 35 000 people were left homeless and the volcanic debris and secondary lahars resulted in loss of much arable land and the destruction of fish ponds.-R.A.H. Direktorat Vulkanologi, Jalan Diponegoro, Bandung, Indonesia.