Interrelation between human capital and innovation in the context of technical and technological development of a country

Abstract

Purpose: To reveal the interrelation between the economic growth of countries and the key determinants of technical and technological development. methodology. In the course of the study, the following general scientific methods of scientific knowledge were used: factor analysis - to highlight the key factors of economic growth; the method of logical and historical analysis - to identify the specifics of Asian countries as leaders of catchup development; statistical methods - to establish the dependence of the rates of economic growth of countries on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of human and physical capital. findings. The models of economic growth based on the use of human capital as a factor in increasing GDP are analyzed. Based on factual material on the results of economic development of countries that actively carried out reforms in the field of education in the 1990s, the absence of a direct link between investment in human capital and economic growth was proved. The prerequisites for the successful realization of the potential of human capital are highlighted, the main of which is the compliance of its qualitative characteristics with the technical and technological characteristics of physical capital. On a sample of 36 countries of the world, this dependence was proved and clusters of countries were identified according to the correspondence of indicators of human development and innovativeness of economies, as well as the structure of their production and existing development drivers. The example of China demonstrates the successful implementation of the policy of building the potential of human capital with the corresponding technological shifts based on giving the investments an innovative orientation. Originality. The dependence of the rates of economic growth on the synchronization of the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of human and physical capital has been proved; the necessary and sufficient conditions have been substantiated for the country to enter the trajectory of sustainable technical and technological development. practical value. The established interrelation between the economic growth of countries and the correspondence between the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of human and physical capital makes it possible to more effectively choose the directions of the economic policy of the state in the field of technical and technological development.