Communicating product life cycle performance through labels and declarations

Abstract

This chapter gives an overview of the development of different eco-labelling schemes over a timeline of about 50 years. The main focus is, however, the standards for product declarations developed under the ISO 14000-family. Hereunder standards for product categories rules (PCRs), environmental product declarations (EPDs) as well as standards for different eco-footprints as, for example, carbon footprints of products (CFP) and water footprints of products (WFPs). The chapter also gives a brief description on how to develop and implement product labels for various purposes.