Tolerance and autoimmunity to a gastritogenic peptide in TCR transgenic mice

Abstract

The catalytic α and glycoprotein β subunits of the gastric H/K ATPase are major molecular targets in human and mouse autoimmune gastritis. We have previously shown that the H/K ATPase β subunit is required for the initiation of mouse gastritis and identified a gastritogenic H/K ATPase β subunit peptide (H/Kβ253-277). Here we report the generation of MHC class II-restricted TCR transgenic mice using V(α)9 and V(β)8.3 TCR chains with specificity for the gastritogenic H/Kβ253-277 peptide. We found an 8-fold reduction in CD4+ T cells in the thymus of the transgenic mice. Despite the reduction in intrathymic CD4+ T cells, V(β)8.3-expressing T cells comprised the majority (> 90%) of peripheral spleen and lymph node T cells. These peripheral T cells retained their capacity to proliferate in vitro to the H/Kβ253-277 peptide. Using the responsive T cells, we have restricted the gastritogenic T cell epitope to H/Kβ261-274. Despite the capacity of the peripheral T cells to proliferate in vitro to the peptide, the majority (~ 80%, 13 of 16) of transgenic mice remained free of gastritis while a minority (20%, three of 16) spontaneously developed an invasive and destructive gastritis. Our results confirm that H/Kβ261-274 is a gastritogenic peptide. The data also suggest that CD4 T cell tolerance to the gastritogenic peptide in the transgenic mice is maintained by a combination of intrathymic and peripheral tolerance mechanisms.