Anticorps humanisés en thérapeutique

Abstract

Since 1997, nine humanized antibodies received the approval of the FDA to be usec as drugs for the treatment of various diseases including transplant rejections, metastatic breast and colon cancers, leukaemia, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, allergic conditions or multiple sclerosis. This review describes techniques used to engineer these antibodies and presents the recent evolutions of these techniques: SDRs grafting or « abbreviated » CDRs grafting. Based on the illustrative examples of several antibodies, Mylotarg®, Herceptin® or Xolair®, the therapeutic effectiveness of humanized antibodies are underlined and, with the example of Tysabri®, the sometimes dramatic adverse effects associated with their clinical use is stressed. In a second part, this review presents some future and realistic avenues to improve the effectiveness of the humanized antibodies, to decrease their immunogenicity and to reduce their cost.