Update on infant skin with special focus on dryness and the impact of moisturizers

Abstract

Throughout infancy, skin differs from that of an adult in structure, function, and composition and has water-handling properties that are markedly distinct. Although competent to prevent dehydration, immature skin barrier function leaves infants especially vulnerable to the environment with potential for development of skin irritations elicited, for example, by contact with allergens or exposure to harsh climatic conditions. To this is added a relatively high risk for the development of the inflammatory disease atopic dermatitis. Specially formulated moisturizers are thus needed that respect the specific properties of infant skin and protect it by enhancing the barrier properties without interfering with the natural development.