Anatomy and biomechanics of medial patellofemoral ligament

Abstract

Regarding the patellar instability and patellar dislocation, several aspects should be considered such as the anatomy of patella and trochlea, the congruency of the joint surfaces, the quadriceps muscle force transition, and surrounding tissue's mechanical features. The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is an important mechanical factor in knee stabilization. A conventional concept that the MPFL does not exist in all knees [1, 2] is challenged by recent studies which states that the MPFL is one of the medial retinacula structures extending from medial border of patella to proximal region of femoral epicondyle, contributing most lateral restraining force [3-6].