Using laccases in the nanoflower to synthesize viniferin

Abstract

The laccase-incorporated nanoflower was fabricated and characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). SEM images indicate that the laccase-incorporated nanoflower has a high surface area, which may facilitate the mass transfer of the substrate and the product. FTIR spectrums identify the existence of laccase in the nanoflowers. The novel immobilized laccase was used for the synthesis of viniferin. The reaction conditions had been optimized and the laccase-incorporated nanoflower can show its maximum specific activity (16.3 µmol/g/h) under the optimal reaction conditions. The specific activity of the laccase in the nanoflowers is enhanced about 2.2-fold compared with free laccase in solution without copper (II) ions. Furthermore, the laccase in the nanoflowers shows an increase in specific activity of ~180% compared with free laccase in a solution containing high concentrations (similar to the concentration in the flower) of copper (II) ions. The results also indicate that the laccase in the nanoflowers retain 93.2% of its initial specific activity even after ten continuous batches.