Escuela, del liberalismo al neoliberalismo

Abstract

Given the interest in the notion of Commons in the academic debate of recent years, this article approaches schooling from the point of view of the commons and enclosure as they have recently been set forth within the autonomist Marxist current. Combining this debate with certain poststructuralist contributions, we demarcate the introduction and expansion of the school in the 19th century as a massive enclosure that organizes socialization in the service of industrial capitalism. However, in its universalizing and democratizing claims we observe some efforts to make the school a common space. Thus, we find that the school institution is intertwined with the tensions between the logic of enclosure and its position regarding the commons. Finally, we consider the neoliberal education policies as further enclosures that deepen on its own liberal and meritocratic logic.