Very low density lipoprotein receptor binds and mediates endocytosis of urokinase-type plasminogen activator-type-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor complex

Abstract

Very low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDL-R) was found to be expressed in bovine mammary gland and the human breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 as an M(r) 105,000 variant, and in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells transfected with human VLDL-R cDNA as an M(r) 130,000 variant. The receptor was purified by ligand affinity chromatography with immobilized M(r) 40,000 receptor- associated protein (RAP). The purified receptor was found to bind urokinase- type plasminogen activator-typed plasminogen activator inhibitor complex (u- PA · PAI-1), while there was no or very weak binding of active site blocked u-PA (DFP-u-PA), PAUl or u-PA-type-2 plasminogen activator inhibitor complex. The binding of u-PA · PAI-1 was blocked by RAP. The transfected CHO cells had an efficient, RAP-sensitive endocytosis of u-PA · PAI-1, severalfold higher than non-transfected parental CHO cells. u-PA · PAI-1 endocytosis was partially inhibited by DFP-u-PA, which blocks binding of the complex to the u-PA receptor. RAP and DFP-u-PA sensitive u-PA · PAI-1 endocytosis was also observed in MCF-7 cells, which were without detectable levels of other RAP- binding endocytosis receptors. These results show that VLDL-R represents a novel endocytosis mechanism for u-PA receptor-bound u-PA · PAI-1.