Landscape fragmentation in a buffer zone and the nascentes das geraizeiras sustainable development reserve, Minas Gerais

Abstract

The expansion of pastures and cropping fields was responsible for most deforestation in Northern Minas Gerais state. In this study, we assessed the dynamics of land use and cover that occurred in recent decades (1986 to 2015) in the Sustainable Development Reserve Nascentes das Geraizeiras (SDR-NG) and a 10 km buffer zone in the state of Minas Gerais. The effects of deforestation on native vegetation fragmentation were also evaluated using remotely sensed data and landscape analysis. This study indicates that deforestation affected more than half of the native vegetation by 2015, which affected the integrity of native vegetation fragments in the entire study area. The SDR-NG contributed to mitigating the fragmentation of natural vegetation that occurred around that Reserve because of a secondary regrowth observed in some previously degraded areas. It was observed that the most significant environmental threat to that Reserve is fire events, which vary annually in extent and socio-environmental damages. The land sustained use in the SDR-NG could be improved by expanding sustainable economic activities, such as using non-timber forest products, the implementation of agroforestry systems, and other economic activities moderately. These practices will ensure the maintenance of natural resources, economic production, increase income and labor opportunities to local communities, and include all social segments and populations living within and around that Reserve.