Comparison of Aroma Compounds in Distilled and Extracted Products of Sage (salvia officinalis L.)

Abstract

Salvia (Salvia officinalis), a member of Lamiaceae family, is valuable medicinal and aromatic plant. Although extraction products like concrete, absolute, and hydrosol from the oil of sage have an economical interest and there are very limited studies on these products. Sage oil and sage water (hydrosol) were released from the fresh herb of sage plants by using steam distillation. Sage concrete was extracted from the fresh herb by using n-hexane as a solvent. Also sage absolute was produced from the concrete with ethyl alcohol extraction. Essential oils from these products were analysed by a gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Fresh herb essential oil yield was 0.55 % while hydrosol (aromatic water) oil yield was 0.17 %. The yield of sage concrete was 1.05 % and the concrete had 68.77 % sage absolute. Camphor, cis-thujone, 1,8-cineole, and trans-thujone were the major components of sage oil, hydrosol oil, sage concrete and sage absolute. Higher amount of viridiflorol was found in the concrete and absolute oils (8.72 % and 10.95 %, respectively) compared with steam distillation oil (2.21 %).