Dietary fat reduction and breast cancer outcome: Interim efficacy results from the women's intervention nutrition study

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Abstract

Background: Preclinical and observational studies suggest a relationship between dietary fat intake and breast cancer, but the association remains controversial. We carried out a randomized, prospective, multicenter clinical trial to test the effect of a dietary intervention designed to reduce fat intake in women with resected, early-stage breast cancer receiving conventional cancer management. Methods: A total of 2437 women were randomly assigned between February 1994 and January 2001 in a ratio of 40 : 60 to dietary intervention (n = 975) or control (n = 1462) groups. An interim analysis was performed after a median follow-up of 60 months when funding for the intervention ceased. Mean differences between dietary intervention and control groups in nutrient intakes and anthropometric variables were compared with t tests. Relapse-free survival was examined using Kaplan-Meier analysis, stratified log-rank tests, and Cox proportional hazards models. Statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Dietary fat intake was lower in the intervention than in the control group (fat grams/day at 12 months, 33.3 [95% confidence interval {CI} = 32.2 to 34.5] versus 51.3 [95% CI = 50.0 to 52.7], respectively; P

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Chlebowski, R. T., Blackburn, G. L., Thomson, C. A., Nixon, D. W., Shapiro, A., Hoy, M. K., … Elashoff, R. M. (2006). Dietary fat reduction and breast cancer outcome: Interim efficacy results from the women’s intervention nutrition study. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 98(24), 1767–1776. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djj494

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