Association of uric acid and uric acid to creatinine ratio with chronic kidney disease in hypertensive patients

Abstract

Background: Recent studies have shown that the serum uric acid/creatinine ratio (SUA/SCr) is a better predictor of chronic kidney disease (CKD) than serum uric acid (SUA) isolated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of isolated SUA and the SUA/SCr with CKD in hypertensive patients. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted with hypertensive patients followed-up by the Primary Health Care Service (PHC). Sociodemographic, economic, lifestyle, clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical variables were evaluated. The association between SUA parameters (quartiles of SUA and quartiles of SUA/SCr) and CKD was evaluated by bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. The association between SUA parameters (SUA and SUA/SCr) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was evaluated by linear regression. The analyses were performed considering four adjustment models. SUA and SUA/SCr were compared by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: In the fully adjusted model, SUA was positively associated with the presence of CKD (OR = 6.72 [95 % CI 1.96–22.96]) and inversely associated with eGFR (β Coef. = -2.41 [95 % CI -3.44; -1.39]). SUA/SCr was positively associated with eGFR (β Coef. = 2.39 [1.42; 3.36]). According to the ROC curve, the SUA is a better predictor of CKD than the SUA/SCr. Conclusions: Elevated levels of isolated SUA were associated with CKD and eGFR. However, the SUA/SCr was not associated with CKD. We do not recommend using the SUA/SCr to predict CKD in hypertensive patients.