Neural fields, masses and Bayesian modelling

Abstract

This chapter considers the relationship between neural field and mass models and their application to modelling empirical data. Specifically, we consider neural masses as a special case of neural fields, when conduction times tend to zero and focus on two exemplar models of cortical microcircuitry; namely, the Jansen-Rit Jansen-Rit model and the canonical microcircuit model Canonical microcircuit model. Both models incorporate parameters pertaining to important neurobiological attributes, such as synaptic rate constants and the extent of lateral connections. We describe these models and show how Bayesian inference can be used to assess the validity of their field and mass variants, given empirical data. Interestingly, we find greater evidence for neural field variants in analyses of LFP Field potential local (LFP) data but fail to find more evidence for such variants, relative to their neural mass counterparts, in MEG Magnetoencephalogram (MEG) (virtual electrode) data. The key distinction between these data is that LFP data are sensitive to a wide range of spatial frequencies and the temporal fluctuations that these frequencies contain. In contrast, the lead fields, inherent in non-invasive electromagnetic recordings, are necessarily broader and suppress temporal dynamics that are expressed in high spatial frequencies. We present this as an example of how neuronal field and mass models (hypotheses) can be compared formally.