Characterization and Biocultural Importance of the Agroforestry Systems of the Sierra de Huautla Biosphere Reserve, Morelos, Mexico

Abstract

Background: Traditional Agroforestry Systems in Mexico are diverse and contribute to the conservation of vegetation and also to the wellbeing of rural communities. However, the Traditional Agroforestry Systems of the Tropical Deciduous Forest, have been poorly documented, particularly those of the Sierra de Huautla Biosphere Reserve, Morelos, Mexico. Questions: What are the Traditional Agroforestry Systems present in the Sierra de Huautla Biosphere Reserve?; what agricultural and forestry elements are characteristic of each one of them?; what socio-ecological benefits do they provide to communities?; how do they contribute to the conservation of Tropical Dry Forest in the Sierra de Huautla Biosphere Reserve, Morelos, Mexico? Studied species: Several of Tropical Deciduous Forest. Study site and dates: Reserva de la Biósfera Sierra de Huautla, Morelos, México. 2014-2022. Methods: Literature review, ethnobotanical hikes and semi-structured interviews. With this information, a classification was made based on the number of species present, management strategies and agroforestry practices. Results: Six Traditional Agroforestry Systems were documented (Homegardens, Milpas, Agrosilvopastoral Systems, Pitayeras, Bursera Agroforestry System, and Tlacololes). In these, 514 species of plants are managed, which contribute to satisfying the diverse needs of the communities and provide several environmental benefits. Conclusions: Traditional Agroforestry Systems of the south region of Morelos, contribute to the conservation of the Tropical Deciduous Forest and help to maintain biocultural diversity in the Sierra de Huautla Biosphere Reserve.