What do we know and not know about the professional integration of international medical graduates (IMGs) in Canada?

Abstract

Background: The literature on international medical graduates (IMGs) in Canada is growing, but there is a lack of systematic analysis of the literature. Objectives: To examine (1) the major themes in academic and grey literature pertaining to professional integration of IMGs in Canada; and (2) the gaps in our knowledge on integration of IMGs. Methods: This paper is based on the scoping review of academic and grey literature published during 2001-2013 about IMGs in Canada. Results: The literature on IMGs focuses on (1) pre-immigration activities; (2) early-arrival activities; (3) credential recognition/professional recertification; (4) bridging and residency training; (5) workplace integration; and (6) alternative paths to integration. The gaps in the literature include pre-immigration and early-arrival activities, and alternative paths for integration for those IMGs who do not pursue medical license. Conclusion: Pre-immigration and early-arrival activities and alternative career paths for IMGs should be addressed in academic and policy research.