The Digital Twin Theory

Abstract

The digital twin is seen as a major tool for increasing productivity in the age of industrial digitalization. A number of publications are therefore focusing on this concept. This article aims, first of all, to reveal the origins of the term and to discuss a selection of definitions. However, these are of little value in the practical implementation of digital twins, as the definitions vary greatly in some cases. Accordingly, a theoretical model which incorporates assumptions about the digital twin is proposed as an alternative to a classic definition. This novel approach aims to help improve the management of digital twins in practical application. A digitalized industrial sector offers huge economic potential: In the mechanical and plant engineering sector alone, a cumulative increase in productivity of 30% is anticipated by 2025 as a result of Industry 4.0 [1]. This increase is based in essence on the seamless networking of all stakeholders and systems both horizontally and vertically. Various research projects are already dedicated to improving the vertical networking of the hierarchy levels in line with IEC 62264 as well as the procedures and services based on this. Examples include projects on predictive maintenance based on sensor data [2]. In addition, work is ongoing to find solutions to the unfavorable situation regarding the vertical integration of information which is caused by the use of