Occupational performance issues in a longitudinal perspective in people with depression and/or anxiety on sick leave, returning to work or working

Abstract

Background: People with depression and anxiety disorder may experience occupational performance issues (OPIs). Further knowledge about these issues longitudinally and about potential differences between people is valuable. Aim: To explore experienced OPIs longitudinally in a sample living with depression and/or anxiety disorder participating in occupational therapy and varying in terms of their work situation. Material and methods: The Canadian occupational performance measure (COPM) was completed by 54 participants with depression and/or anxiety at four measure-points from baseline to one-year after participation in occupational therapy. The participants constituted three groups: continuously on sick leave (SL), returned to work within a year and continuing working. Descriptive and non-parametric analysis was used. Results: Participants in all groups identified OPIs in all occupational areas in the COPM. All groups increased their occupational performance and satisfaction with their occupational performance in the area socialisation. Each group also made improvements in relation to other occupational areas, varying between the groups. Conclusions: OPIs and improvements were identified among the participants regardless of them being on SL, returning to work or working. Significance: The diverse nature of OPIs and improvements in the clients indicate the relevance of occupational therapy.