Development of measures to prevent surging turbochargers of cars

Abstract

The priority direction of the development of mechanical engineering is the increase in the energy saturation of the automobile and tractor fleet. One of the most effective ways of boosting modern engines is turbocharging and the use of turbochargers (TCR). However, along with a positive effect—boosting and increasing the power in the range of 5–50%, there is a significant drawback—a decrease in the engine reliability. The main reasons for this are: high stochastic load conditions, which is 10–150%, depending on the type of the work performed. The use of the hydraulic accumulator providing additional lubrication of the TCR rotor bearings predetermines an increase in the rotor run-out time by a factor of 1.5–2.5, and, correspondingly, an improvement in the design parameters of the accumulator. When connecting the brake device, with a simultaneous integrated application of the accumulator, the duration of the run-out of the TCR rotor is reduced by 30–40%. In this case, providing the accumulator with a standard accumulator lubrication of the rotor bearings enables to reduce the volume of the accumulator to 2.0–2.2 L and its dimensions in 1.2–1.5 times. But at the same time, there are surging phenomena of moving with a high-speed air flow. To prevent surging, it is necessary to study the spectrum of eigenfrequencies and the shape of the oscillations of a brake device damper. For this purpose, a classical experimental vibration setup was used and the first five resonance frequencies were determined.