Fundamental principles and processes

Abstract

Single-stage mixed refrigerant processes that can provide refrigeration at very low temperatures were first proposed nearly 70 years ago by Podbielniak [69] and were adopted for large-scale liquefaction of natural gas after the pioneering work of Kleemenko [50] of the former Soviet Union in the 1960s. Today most base-load natural gas liquefaction plants operate on mixed refrigerant processes. Mixed refrigerant processes have also been adopted for peak-shaving natural gas liquefaction plants.