Factors associated with metabolic syndrome among the elderly in the northeast of Brazil

Abstract

Abstract Objective: To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and associated factors in 348 elderly residents of Campina Grande, Paraíba. Method: A household survey and clinical/laboratory assessment was conducted. The diagnosis of MS was based on the criteria of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on the Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (NCEP-ATP III). The association between MS and socio-demographic factors, health status and lifestyle habits was investigated. The crude and adjusted prevalence ratios were obtained by Poisson regression. Variables with a significance lower than or equal to 0.2 (20%) were tested in a multivariate model. A p value≤0.05 was adopted for the acceptance of the associations in the final model. Results: MS was more prevalent among women (64.7%) and those with heart trouble. It was also found that, specifically for women, there was a higher prevalence of MS among those with osteoarthritis. Conclusion: The higher prevalence of MS among women and the association of MS with osteoarthritis in this group deserves attention, as this condition can cause functional limitation, affecting the quality of life of the elderly.Resumo Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência de síndrome metabólica (SM) e fatores associados em 348 idosos residentes em Campina Grande, Paraíba. Método: Estudo transversal, realizou-se inquérito domiciliar e avaliação clínico/laboratorial. O diagnóstico da SM foi baseado nos critérios do Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (NCEP-ATP III). Investigou-se a associação entre SM e condições sociodemográficas, condição de saúde e hábitos de vida. As razões de prevalência bruta e ajustada foram obtidas pela regressão de Poisson. As variáveis que apresentaram significância menor ou igual a 0,2 (20%) foram testadas em um modelo multivariado. Adotou-se o valor de p£0,05 para aceitação das associações no modelo final. Resultados: A SM foi mais prevalente entre as mulheres (64,7%) e nos que possuíam problema cardíaco. Verificou-se ainda que, especificamente nas mulheres, houve maior prevalência de SM naquelas que possuíam osteoartrite. Conclusão: A maior prevalência de SM entre as mulheres e a associação da SM com osteoartrite nesse grupo merece atenção, uma vez que essa pode causar limitação funcional, comprometendo a qualidade de vida do idoso.