LA PLANIFICACIÓN LINGÜÍSTICA DESDE UNA SOCIOLOGÍA SISTÉMICA DEL LENGUAJE: UN ANÁLISIS DESDE LOS CASOS DEL MAPUDUNGÚN, EL SAMI Y EL MAORÍ

Abstract

The present article proposes a sociological approach to language planning, drawing a perspective based on an interpretation of the advances made by the sociolinguistics in the matter from the social systems theory. The theoretical framework comprehends language planning as a strategy to regulate language contact that operates in the interaction systems "that is, in the speakers' communicative practices". This approach is applied, as example, to different aspects of the planning of Mapudungún, Sami, and Maorí. It is concluded that the planning is executed through the introduction of distinctions (to speak/not to speak, to teach/not to teach, etc.) in the environment of the interaction systems. The relevance of the consideration of the sociohistorical conditions of language contact and regulation in the analysis of these processes it is highlighted. In addition, a warning is made about the analysis of Latin-American cases, which must consider that these societies are characterized by a concentric functional differentiation, that make them differ from the societies of the central modernity.