Interactive Virtual Reality Cognitive Learning Model for Performance Evaluation of Math Manipulatives

Abstract

Applications of virtual reality in E-Learning are gaining more popularity due to its interactive characteristics of virtual environments that can be offered. One unique example of this application is the use of virtual manipulatives, since they can be implemented on PCs economically for teaching students interactively in schools and universities. They enable students to learn mathematics thoroughly by easily providing computer-generated dynamic objects, allowing them to explore abstract mathematical concepts in a handson mode experince. In this paper, an implemented virtual reality based math virtual manipulatives is presented. A cognitive virtual reality learning model is also introduced. Performance evaluation of the virtual manipulatives, for several case studies, is achieved. Comparisons between the 2- Dimensions (2D) Java applets from National Library Virtual Manipulatives (NLVM) and the developed Java 3D Virtual Reality Math Manipulatives (VRMM) cases are performed. Results of the practical analysis for student grades show that VR enhances student learning of addition and subtraction operations in the VRMM, and it achieves superior results than the NLVM.