Suitable Habitats for Cicadella viridis and Evacanthus interruptus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) with Global Climate Change

Abstract

Cicadella viridis (L.) and Evacanthus interruptus L. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) are two of the most important leafhopper pests worldwide. Identifying habitat suitability areas of these species could be useful for their management. This study used the MaxEnt model to predict the current and future global habitat suitability areas of these species based on distribution and associated environmental data. The model showed that isothermality and the mean temperature of the driest quarter of the year were the most important environmental factors affecting the distribution of C. viridis and E. interruptus. Europe and southern China are the current primary habitat suitability areas for the two species. The high habitat suitability areas for C. viridis are also concentrated in these areas, whereas the high habitat suitability areas for E. interruptus are mainly found in western Europe. Under future climate change scenarios, the area of the two species habitat suitability areas increases, and the high habitat suitability areas for C. viridis decrease. However, the high habitat suitability areas for E. interruptus increase in 2041-2060 shared socioeconomic pathways 585 (ssp585) but decrease in 2041-2060 and 2061-2080 shared socioeconomic pathways 126 (ssp126). It is necessary to develop measures to monitor these species within habitat suitability areas, especially in high habitat suitability areas, to reduce economic losses.