KEKUASAAN DALAM TRADISI PEMIKIRAN POLITIK ISLAM (Refleksi Atas Pemikiran Politik Islam)

Abstract

This study discusses the question of power in the tradition of Islamic political thought. The main issue of concern in this discussion is how power, ulama and umara in the structure of Islamic power. Through content analysis and conceptual approach, it is understood that the power is sourced from God and no one has absolute power, but that power is delegated to man as the vicegerent on earth who is commanded to uphold just government and realize common prosperity. With the concept of power like this there is no more conflict between the power of God and the human need for the existence of the government. Ulama and umara in governmental structures are those who are implied by the Qur'an as ulu al-Amr or those who govern and must be obeyed because they are composed of elected persons and meet the complementary conditions, such as, trust, courage, strength, sensible, and knowledgeable knowledge. It is hoped that they will be able to be good role model for all society. They serve as interpreters of unclear rules in the Qur'an and simultaneously oversee the "constitutionality" of governmental rules and administrators to convince the people that the rules do not violate the Shari'ah. While the umara or government apply the laws of shari'ah.