Examining the Presenting Characteristics, Short-Term Effects, and Long-Term Outcomes Associated with System-Involved Youths

Abstract

This chapter explores some of the most notable consequences that system-involved juveniles face. It investigates the initial characteristics and outcomes of those who are processed through the juvenile justice system, as well as later life outcomes in adulthood for these individuals. The chapter examines theoretical explanations of both short-and long-term delinquent behaviors, including internalization of delinquent labels, disruption of the life course, and adolescent development. It considers unique problems experienced by delinquent youths in comparison to nondelinquents, with a specific focus on mental disorders; alcohol and drug abuse; and suicidal behaviors of system-involved youths. Finally, the chapter then shifts to the outcomes of former delinquents as they emerge into adulthood. It examines high school graduation and college attendance of delinquent youths; linkages between dropping out of school and adult incarceration; recidivism following system contact; the impact of publicized delinquent records on employment; and long-term mental health outcomes of formerly delinquent youths, with a focus on the persistence of mental illness and increased likelihood of suicidal behavior following detention. The chapter concludes with some thoughts on future research and discusses policy implications using the empirical evidence as a catalyst for consideration. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)