A Framework for Global Cooperation on Artificial Intelligence and Its Governance

Abstract

In this chapter we put forward a framework for global cooperation on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its governance, with the aim to ensure that humanity can enjoy its benefits while preventing and minimizing its risks. The chapter is structured along three sections, focusing respectively on the why, what and how of global cooperation. First, we set out why AI requires governance and why its governance necessitates global cooperation. Particular focus is given to the need for a level playing field that secures citizen protection across the globe, enables socially beneficial innovation, and stimulates healthy competition to disseminate AI’s benefits. Second, we list what the substantive areas are on which global cooperation on AI should be prioritized, and argue for a holistic approach along two dimensions. The first dimension is horizontal, and aims to identify minimum requirements that cover the entire socio-technical environment of AI in a transversal manner. In addition to AI-systems, we urge to consider the socio-technical environments of data and digital infrastructure, which are inextricably interwoven therewith. The second dimension is vertical, and aims at cooperation around domain-specific areas that require a more tailored approach to maximize AI’s benefits for humanity, to prevent and minimize its risks and to address ad-hoc issues. Third, we assess how global cooperation should be organized. We stress the need to balance speed, holism and contextualism, and provide a number of guiding principles that can inform the process of global cooperation initiatives on AI and its governance.