In vitro repression of cyclooxygenase, acetylcholinesterase activities and bacterial growth by trans-phytol and a glycolipid from the leaves of Homalomena sagittifolia

Abstract

Background and Objective: The leaf of Homalomena saglttlfolla was reported to have anti-inflammatory, antimicrobials, narcotic, violent Intoxication and hallucinogen effects. This study highlights Isolation, Identification and biological activities of two compounds from the leaves of H. saglttlfolla. Methodology: Two Isolates were Investigated for their inhibitory effects against cyclooxygenase and acetylcholinesterase enzymes. They were also tested for antimicrobial effects against five pathogenic bacterial strains using the micro-dilutlon assay. The structure of the two Isolates were elucidated by Interpretation of spectroscopic data and previous available reports In literature. They were Identified to be trans-phytol (1) and dlacylglyceroglycollpld (2). The compounds were Investigated for their anti-inflammatory, anticholinergic and antimicrobial effects using the cyclooxygenase, the microplate and the antimicrobial micro-dilutlon assays, respectively. Results: Compound 2 possessed good activity against both COX-1 (IC50 = 38) and COX-2 (IC50 = 48). The IC50, values observed with the Indomethadn were 4.1 and 181 µM against COX-1 and COX-2, respectlvely. The two compounds also inhibited activity of acetylcholinesterase with an IC50 values of 8.6 µM (2), 24 µM (1) and 3.3 µM (galanthamlne). Compound 2 showed remarkable activity against Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas stutzerl and Klebsiella pneumoniae withan MIC value of 98 µM. The MIC values recorded for tetracycline were 87 and 175 µM against P. stutzerl and K. pneumonia, respectively. Condusion: These results Indicated the potential pharmacological properties of the leaves of H. saglttlfolla and supported the traditional uses of the plant. Further studies are needed to understand Its molecular Interactions. This may lead to the development of standardized crude drugs and/or nutraceutical agents.