Upper cenomanian-lower campanian derdere and karababa formations in the Çemberlitaş oil field, southeastern Turkey: Their microfacies analyses, depositional environments, and sequence stratigraphy

Abstract

The frontal belt of the southeastern Anatolia fold-thrust belt in Turkey contains several small to mid-size oilfields, producing from carbonate reservoirs of the Cretaceous Mardin group. Many of these fields are found along narrow, asymmetrical anticlinal structures, associated with the formation of the fold-thrust belt. The Çemberlitaş oil field in Adıyaman, southeastern Turkey, is one of the most important oilfields in the region. It produces from the Upper Cretaceous Derdere and Karababa formations of the Mardin group. We have conducted a detailed study of the microfacies, depositional environments, and sequence stratigraphy of the Karababa (Coniacian-lower Campanian) and Derdere (mid-Cenomanian-Turonian) formations in the oil field. Eight microfacies in the Karababa and Derdere formations have been identified; the microfacies in the Karababa formation are 1) mollusk-echinoid wackestone/packstone, 2) dolomitic planktonic foraminifera wackestone, 3) planktonic foraminifera bearing wackestone/packstone, and 4) phosphaticglauconitic planktonic foraminifera bearing wackestone. The microfacies in the Derdere formation are 5) lime mudstone, 6) bioclastic wackestone/packstone, 7) medium-coarse crystalline dolomite, and 8) fine crystalline dolomite. These microfacies suggest that the Derdere formation was deposited in lagoonal to shelf depositional environments and the Karababa formation was deposited in a deep to shallow marine intrashelf basin. Two third-order sequence boundaries of late Turonian and early Campanian in age have been recognized in the reservoir interval. Depositional sequences contain transgressive and highstand systems tracts. These sequences are compared with those in other regions to differentiate the local, regional, and global factors that controlled sedimentation within the Çemberlitaş oil field area.