Upper extremity disability among string instrumentalists–use of the quick DASH and the NDI

Abstract

Purpose: Playing the string instrument predisposes musicians to musculoskeletal problems in the upper extremity and trunk which usually affects more than one anatomical region. These musculoskeletal problems could result in difficulty in performing activities of daily living and playing a musical instrument. The aim of this study was to evaluate disability associated with musculoskeletal problems of string instrumentalists in South Africa by using the quick Disability of the Arms, Shoulder and Hands (DASH) and the Neck Disability Index (NDI) as measuring tools. Materials and methods: String instrumentalists from both amateur and professional orchestras were recruited via an electronic and a paper based survey to participate in the study by completing a self-administered questionnaire. The prevalence of musculoskeletal problems affecting performance was 56.6% and the trunk and shoulders were mainly affected. The overall disability scores of the QuickDASH and the NDI were 12.9 ± 13.2 and 11.5 ± 9.8 respectively. Symptomatic individuals had higher disability scores, 13.9 ± 13.8 (QuickDASH) and 15.0 ± 10.5 (NDI). Conclusion: The presence of musculoskeletal problems in one or more anatomic regions results in activity limitation and participation restriction of activities of daily living and it also impedes performance, therefore, it is important to evaluate the biomechanical structures involved in playing in order to proffer injury prevention strategies directly focussed on the basic components of performance.